Speaker Biographies
 Dr. Peter Agre, Professor of Biological Chemistry at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, won the 2003 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Agre won the prize for studies of tiny transportation tunnels in cell walls, work that illuminates diseases of the heart, kidneys and nervous system. He was elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. |
 Dr. Sidney Altman, Sterling Professor of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology at Yale University, won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1989. Altman’s research focuses on biophysical chemistry and organic chemistry. He has won the Rosenstiel Award for Basic Biomedical Research, the National Institutes of Health Merit Award, and the Yale Science and Engineering Association Award. |
 Dr. R. Stephen Berry, James Franck Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus at the University of Chicago, heads a research group that focuses its work on structures, properties and dynamics of clusters and biopolymers. Berry is a member of several scientific organizations ranging from the America Academy of Arts and Sciences to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences. He has received many awards, including the J. Heyrovsky Honorary Medal for Merit in the Chemical Sciences and the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung Senior Scientist Award. |
 Dr. Bruce Conklin, an Investigator at the Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, and an Associate Professor in the departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Conklin received an M.D. from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, and completed his residency in medicine at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Dr. Conklin is the founding director of the Gladstone Stem Cell Core and is the co-chair of the UCSF public science project. Dr. Conklin is a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation. |
 Dr. John B. Fenn, Professor of Analytical Chemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University, won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002. Dr. Fenn won the award for his work in the field of mass spectrometry, specifically for the technique electrospray ionization often used to identify and analyze biological macromolecules. The technique is used to rapidly and simply reveal what proteins a sample contains, contributing to the development of new pharmaceuticals, and is being applied to promising work in other areas such as early diagnosis of breast and prostate cancer. Fenn has won many awards, including the American Society for Mass Spectrometry's Award. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. |
 Dr. John H. (Jack) Gibbons, former Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, was responsible for providing access to authoritative information and expert scientific, engineering and technological advice for the President, Federal Officials and Congress, and for coordinating science and technology policy throughout the Federal Government. Gibbons is an expert in energy and environmental issues who has a deep interest and concern about the support of science and the impacts of technology on society. In 1973, at the start of the nation's first major energy crisis, Gibbons was appointed the first director of the Federal Office of Energy Conservation. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the National Academy of Engineering. Other honors include the Federation of American Scientists Public Service Award; the AAAS Philip Hauge Abelson Prize for sustained exceptional contributions to advancing science; the Leo Szilard Award for Physics in the Public Interest from the American Physical Society; and medals from the German and French governments for fostering scientific cooperation. |
 Dr. Mary Good, former chair of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, was undersecretary of technology administration at the U.S. Department of Commerce, where she mitigated or removed many regulatory barriers to enhance the nation's position in global markets. Good holds membership in the National Academy of Engineering, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Institute of Chemists and the Royal Society of Chemistry. She has also served on advisory panels for the National Research Council, the National Bureau of Standards, the National Science Foundation Chemistry Section, the National Institute of Health, and NASA, and on the executive committee for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Dr. Good received the National Science Foundation's Distinguished Public Service Award, the Albert Fox Demers Medal Award from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the American Association for the Advancement of Science Award, the American Institute of Chemists' Gold Medal, and was chosen Scientist of the Year by Industrial Research and Development magazine, among other honors. |
 Daniel Goroff is Associate Director of the Derek Bok Center, and Professor of the Practice of Mathematics in the Department of Mathematics at Harvard University. His special interests include Mathematics, Science, Engineering, and Economics Education; Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Systems Theory; and the History and Philosophy of Mathematics, especially the work of Henri Poincare. Goroff has worked at the National Research Council and at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. He now co-directs the Scientific and Engineering Workforce Project at the National Bureau of Economic Research. |
 Dr. Dudley Herschbach, Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science at Harvard University, won the 1986 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Herschbach holds membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and to the National Academy of Sciences. His awards include the Pure Chemistry Prize of the American Chemical Society, the Linus Pauling Medal, and the Irving Langmuir Prize in Chemical Physics. |
 Dr. John Holdren is Teresa and John Heinz Professor of Environmental Policy and Director of the Program on Science, Technology, and Public Policy at the Kennedy School, as well as Professor of Environmental Science and Public Policy in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Harvard University. Trained in aeronautics/astronautics and plasma physics at MIT and Stanford, he previously cofounded and co-led for 23 years the campus-wide interdisciplinary graduate degree program in energy and resources at the University of California at Berkeley. He is Chair of the Committee on International Security and Arms Control of the National Academy of Sciences and was a member of President Clinton's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST). In connection with PCAST, Holdren chaired studies for the White House on protection of nuclear-bomb materials, the U.S. fusion-energy R&D program, and energy R&D strategy for the climate-change challenge. |
 Dr. Steven Kahn, Professor of Physics at Stanford University, is engaged in a diverse program of research in high energy astrophysics, including experimental, observational, and theoretical components. Research interests include work in high resolution X-ray spectroscopy, and experimental cosmology. Kahn is the Principal Investigator for U.S. participation in the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating/CCD Experiment and the Constellation-X Observatory. He is a member of the American Physical Society |
 Dr. Lawrence M. Krauss, Ambrose Swasey Professor of Physics, Professor of Astronomy, and Chair of the Physics Department at Case Western Reserve University, is the author of six popular books, including the national bestseller, The Physics of Star Trek. Krauss holds a fellowship in the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has won many awards, including the Gravity Research Foundation First Prize Award, the Presidential Investigator Award, AAAS’s Award for the Public Understanding of Science and Technology, the Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize, the Andrew Gemant Award, the American Institute of Physics Science Writing Award, and the Oersted Medal. Krauss is the only physicist to have been awarded all three awards by the APS, AIP and AAPT. |
 Dr. Leon Lederman, Professor of Physics at the University of Chicago, won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988. Lederman is the recipient of fellowships from the Ford, Guggenheim, Ernest Kepton Adams and National Science Foundations. He has received the National Medal of Science and the Wolf Prize for Physics among many other awards. Lederman has been increasingly involved in development via scientific collaboration with Latin America, with science education for gifted children and with public understanding of science. |
 Dr. Michael Oppenheimer, is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Geosciences and International Affairs and Director of the Program in Science, Technology and Environmental Policy at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. An atmospheric physicist, he is the co-author of Dead Heat: The Race Against The Greenhouse Effect and numerous papers on global climate change. |
 Dr. Douglas Osheroff, G. Jackson and C.J. Wood Professor of Physics at Stanford University, won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1996. Osheroff served as a researcher at AT&T Bell Laboratories for 15 years before devoting his time to teaching at Stanford. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the National Academy of Sciences In addition to the Nobel, he has won many awards including the Simon Memorial Prize, the Oliver E. Buckley Prize, and the Walter J. Gores award for teaching. |
 Dr. Arno Penzias, 37-year veteran of Bell Labs, won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978. Penzias holds membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Physical Society, the National Academy of Sciences, the International Astronomical Union, and the International Union of Radio Science. He has won the Henry Draper Medal and the Herschel Medal. Penzias famously wrote that computers are a wonderful tool for human beings but a dreadful role model. In other words, he asserts, if you don't want to be replaced by a machine, don't act like one. |
 Dr. Lyle Schwartz, recently retired Director of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, guided the management of the entire basic research investment for the U.S. Air Force. As former Director of the Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, he managed the NIST nuclear research reactor. He is responsible for the development of the Presidential Initiative on Advanced Materials and Processing. Schwartz has received many awards, including the Presidential Meritorious Executive Rank Award and the Department of Commerce Gold Medal. He holds membership in the National Academy of Engineering, the Federation of Materials Societies, and ASM International. |
 Dr. Maxine Singer, President of the Carnegie Institution, has worked for the National Institutes of Health and the National Cancer Institute. Throughout her career, Singer has taken leading roles influencing and refining the nation's science policy, often in realms having social, moral, or ethical implications. She holds membership in the National Academy of Sciences, and the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. Her several awards for public service include the Distinguished Presidential Rank Award, and the National Medal of Science. |
 Dr. Harold Varmus, President and Chief Executive Officer of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, won a Nobel Prize for studies of the genetic basis of cancer in 1989. Varmus served as the Director of the National Institutes of Health under President Clinton. He served on the World Health Organization's Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, chairs the Board of Directors of Public Library of Science and the Scientific Board of the Grand Challenges in Global Health, and is involved in initiatives to promote science in other countries. He is a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and of the Institute of Medicine. |
